It has been globally acknowledged that the difference between the developed and underdeveloped countries of the world is related to the level of literacy among their citizens. However, rural areas in Nigeria are still characterized with illiteracy and poverty. Therefore, this study sought to investigate adult literacy programmes and social development and transformation of rural women in Odeda Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive survey research design using purposive and cluster sampling techniques to select one hundred and eight post literacy female learners from four literacy centres in Odeda Local Government Area, Ogun State. The structured and pre-tested questionnaire (r=0.81) was used to retrieve information from the respondents. The data collected were analysed with the use of descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between adults’ literacy programmes and social transformation of rural women (B = .250; p < .05), The result also showed a significant relationship between adults literacy programmes and women empowerment (ẞ=.078<.05) The study therefore recommends among others the aggressive mobilization and sensitization of rural women on the economic and technological advancement of adults’ literacy programmes towards building a better Nigeria.